A: Answer- Virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that is non-living outside the cell and living. X=111110201X. It may last a few seconds or a few hours. d. carbon dioxide (CO2), b. sodium ions (Na+), hydrogen ions (H+), sugars, and amino acids. Determine the average shear stress on the wetted perimeter of this channel. e) re-infection by the same herpesvirus strain, b) copies of the herpesvirus genome remaining as mini-chromosomes in some host cell nuclei. b. immune individuals; susceptible individuals Which of the following accurately describe mutagens and their effects? 7. a. is the site where lipids destined for other cellular compartments are manufactured. Which of these sentences properly describes the difference between bioaccumulation and biomagnification? A cheetah can run 121212 km/h over a 100100100 m distance. How would the affect the HIV infection cycle? Which of the following groups of people is most likely to have an increased exposure to toxic chemicals because of their job responsibilities? a. the virus inhibits MHC class I expression b. X=(112110101)X\mathbf{X}^{\prime}=\left(\begin{array}{rrr}{1} & {-1} & {2} \\ {-1} & {1} & {0} \\ {-1} & {0} & {1}\end{array}\right) \mathbf{X} Trends in obesity-related illnesses such as heart disease and diabetes show that such diseases are ______. What is the current concern with using Sprague-Dawley rats in toxicology studies? This is because the solution on the left side of the figure is hypotonic while the solution on the right side of the figure is hypertonic. no longer just for the wealthy, as they are now becoming common in the developing world. c. infected cells do not express any viral proteins during latency a) It uses viral RNA as a template for DNA synthesis. When a dose-response curve for a particular toxin shows a threshold for the response, it generally suggests ______. 13-6 All of the following use gene conversion to avoid immune detection except _____. Which of the following factors do policymakers consider most important in setting an effective environmental health policy? New York State coalition hepatitis C consensus statement leads to governor's action. 13-38 The mode of evolution responsible for the production of recombinant influenza viruses composed of a genome derived from two different influenza variants is called _____. b. sorts proteins and lipids and sends them to their final destination. triggering a response in our immune systems, foreign materials that stimulate the production of specific antibodies. c. The solution level on the left side of the figure would decrease while the solution level on the right side of the figure would rise. 0.003 ppb - DDT in water c. Immune responses against S. pneumoniae are serotype-specific and protect only against strains that possess the same capsular polysaccharide antigens. It is rising in both developing and developed countries. b. polysaccharides e. leukocyte adhesion deficiency. 13-43 Which of the following is not used by the herpes simplex virus to subvert host immune responses? d. reverse transcriptase. a. X-linked agammaglobulinemia: gamma globulin injections They are recycled by endocytosis more quickly than the normal receptor. Use unequal arrows to indicate whether reactants or products are favored. a. smooth ER c. lysosome - The mere presence of a toxin is insignificant without considering how much is there, where it is located, how accessible it is, and who is exposed. b) Replication of their genomes does not involve proofreading. They cause T cells to divide and differentiate into effector T cells. 13-79 A patient is diagnosed with AIDS when CD4 T-cell counts _____. answer choices. b. diffusion. c. No; although prokaryotic cells are comparatively less efficient than eukaryotic cells, they are still able to carry out the processes necessary for survival and reproduction. Bisphenol A (BPA) - Used to produce plastic-coated items such as linings of cans and bottles, tooth-protecting sealants, and water pipes. b) They can be spread via the plasmodesmata. c. Haemophilus influenzae The radish cells were hypertonic to the water in which they were soaking. e d) They have little effect on plant growth. This is an example of Both membranes are selectively permeable and have pores. c) They are rarely spread by insects. Match the mechanism of eliminating toxins to the body part that is responsible for the action. Which of the following statements about viruses is false? 2 ppm - Large fish Microbes acquire resistance to antibiotics through different processes that include random mutations and ______________ reproduction. a) Double-stranded DNA viruses - in the blood of nearly everyone in the United States. Though categorizing toxins based on potency is useful, it is complicated by differences in individual and species reactions to particular chemicals. Certain pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and drugs - Injection (Intramuscular), As shown in the figure, every organism in the Lake Michigan food chain has some DDT in their body tissues at concentrations higher than in the environment due to 13-9 Which of the following statements regarding herpes simplex virus is false? the proteasome cannot generate viral peptides for presentation by MHC class I molecules. a. a virus. d. neurons; MHC class I A majority of the MRSA (methicillan-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) infections recorded in 2011 were related to ______. One important way to control the spread of viruses in through answer choices the use of vaccines drinking a lot of tea 13-40 Which of the following is not a virus that can cause a persistent infection in the host by establishing latency? a) They can be spread via the plasmodesmata. Adopting the precautionary principle in regulating environmental toxins ______. However, a huge health scare in Flint, Michigan, occurred in 2016 when children were exposed to lead through ______. d. creates energy by converting ribosomes to proteins. How do these molecules arrange themselves to form a mostly impermeable barrier between a liposome and its environment? The measles virus causes nasal and lung infections. They are much less sensitive to ______ than regular rats, so studies using them are highly suspect. When you get home you remove the stems and clean them. Additionally, small Na ions and some proteins can pass through the membrane against the concentration gradient, but both require the assistance of active transport proteins. They are often harmful even in extremely dilute concentrations The next day the radishes are crisp and crunchy again. c. semipermeable So, the water osmosed across the plasma membranes out of the radish cells decreasing the turgor pressure inside of the cells and making them crunchier. Cells naturally, without using energy, respond to changes in water concentration through the process of Exhaling excess carbon dioxide - Lungs a. d. Liposomes form from phospholipid bilayers and provide a barrier between an external environment and an internal environment; this creates an internal environment where specific chemical reactions needed to establish a living cell can occur separately from the external environment. So, the water moved by osmosis across the plasma membranes into the radish cells increasing the turgor pressure inside of the cells and making them crunchier. Traditional reliability design methods describe the dispersion degree of soil parameters with their point variance without considering the influence of correlation distance. The KaK_aKa of nitrous acid, HNO2HNO_2HNO2, is 6.761046.76 \times 10^{-4}6.76104. Select one: a. The solution level on the left side of the figure would decrease while the solution level on the right side of the figure would rise. 13-18 Which of the following is not associated with bacterial infection due to a genetic defect in or pathogen-induced subversion of normal phagocytic processes? b. receptor proteins Pollution - Noise - HIV is more lethal. Instead, the cells are only able to reproduce once inside a host cell. d. Select one or more: O a. Because organs such as your skin and liver make frequent repairs, they are also more likely to ______. The cell should lose weight over time because it is hypotonic to the beaker environment and water will enter the cell through osmosis. Which of the following statements about viruses is false? The intensity level of these sounds can reach 103 dB, measured a distance of 5.0 m from the source. Treat the substance with nucleases that destroy all nucleic acids and then determine whether it is still infectious. a. osmosis. b. produces the energy needed to run chemical reactions in the cell. a. gene conversion Match the following causes of death with the lifetime chance of dying that way in the United States. c. variable surface glycoproteins a. c. innate; acquired immune responses In this paper, static cone penetration test data of a project site are used, and random field theory is . a) enter a replicative cycle that does not kill the host cell. a. Antigenic drift; antigenic shift e. Extracellular bacterial infections are common in deficiency syndromes with T-cell defects. b. C3 d. completely permeable, Which of the following would be likely to require facilitated diffusion to move across the plasma membrane? 13-44 Listeria monocytogenes replicates in _____ of macrophages after _____. d) Cutting and assembling the capsid would be halted. b) They can be controlled by the use of antibiotics. Which of the following types of organisms are commonly single-celled (unicellular)? e. human immunodeficiency virus. a. e. Janus 3 kinase (Jak3) Which of the following statements about global health trends are true? Where in the bacteria would you expect to find the enzymes needed to perform photosynthesis? Because the chemical industry thinks they are uncalled for, and toxicologists argue that there are problems with the necessary tests, the regulation of _______________ disrupters has been difficult to enact. Which of the following statements accurately describes how viruses reproduce? The solution level on the left side of the figure would decrease while the solution level on the right side of the figure would rise. A virus is made up of a DNA or RNA genome inside a protein shell called a capsid. Which of the following is/are part of accepted cell theory? Viruses have a higher metabolism than bacteria cells. Dicamba - Used as an herbicide; a plant hormone c. RNA-dependent DNA polymerase; HIV Morbidity refers to _____________, whereas mortality refers to ____________. The solution level on the left side of the figure would rise while the solution level on the right side of the figure would decrease. c. spongy mesophyll What can be concluded about policy decisions addressing hazardous and toxic nutrients based on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's assessment of relative risks to human welfare? Response curve representing no response for low doses - Line c. The idea of hormesis, the nonlinear effect of a toxin in which a low dose is ______ and high dose is ______, was misapplied in a 2018 rule proposed by the EPA that suggested a little pollution was beneficial to health. 20. d. hereditary angioedema: C1INH infusions - Allergens activate the immune system. What is the function of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses? answer choices. d. T-cell and B-cell development b) Viruses can replicate independently of their cellular hosts. d. The cell should gain weight over time because it is isotonic to the beaker environment and water will be drawn into the cell because of the albumin. a. the cytosol. a. c. processing to peptides is not required for T-cell activation Chytridiomycosis (or chytrid fungus) is an ecological disease that affects amphibians and is ______. Viruses are very diverse. d. the plasma membrane, Using the compound light microscope in the lab room, you observe a wet mount slide preparation. c. the use of other types of bacteria. From what substance do liposomes spontaneously form and why are they important? a. bacteria, some fungi (yeast), and many protozoans. Asbestos workers who smoke, however, have a 400-fold increase in cancer rates. Vesicular stomatitis virus G (VSV-G) . Immune responses against S. pneumoniae are serotype-specific and protect only against strains that possess the same capsular polysaccharide antigens. Which of these is not a consideration of toxicology? Why do these antibiotics not work to kill viruses and cure people of viral infections? The viral replication cycle can produce dramatic biochemical and structural changes in the host cell, which may cause cell damage. c) viroids b. - Mutagens are agents such as chemicals or radiation that damage DNA. Which of the following statements accurately describes a viral envelope? What is the most plausible explanation for the appearance of the blood cells on your slide? Shafting, three-point leveling units, and other components are reasonably simplified during the modeling . d. carrier proteins. d. There will be no net movement of water because the solutions are isotonic. b. nonspecific activation of 2-20% of body's CD8 T cells With the first bite, you notice their texture is not as crisp and crunchy as you like. b. chronic granulomatous disease a. integrase Herpes simplex virus infects B lymphocytes. Virus b. Multiple Choice Viruses are typically a piece of genetic material encased in a protein capsule. b. Proviruses consist of double-stranded DNA. - Endocrine disrupters may cause reproductive dysfunction in females. d) whether the genome of the virus is DNA or RNA, a) the proteins on the viral surface and that of the host cell membrane, Antiviral drugs that have become useful are usually associated with which of the following properties? Toluene and formaldehyde from cigarette smoke - Inhalation (respiratory tract) b. pinocytosis They affect wildlife populations, such as bats and frogs. b. NADPH oxidase; produce superoxide radical (-) The odds of being involved in a car accident are about 1 in 100 while the odds of being involved in an airplane accident are about 1 in 5,000. b. Persistence of chemicals can be a concern for health because such ______. a. b. sodium ions (Na+), hydrogen ions (H+), sugars, and amino acids The Sprague-Dawley rat is ______ to endocrine disrupters than ordinary rats, so studies using them are not reliable. A factory with an office that controls the information sent to separate rooms for each of the manufacturing and shipping processes would be analogous to 13-8 _____ is a strategy used by herpesviruses where replication and the generation of virus-derived peptides are avoided in order to hide from the immune response. d. a chromosome, where the pipe cleaners represent bundles of proteins around which the DNA double helix (wired ribbon) is wrapped. mutations are introduced into the virus. "Approximately 88% of our 2022 revenue came from technology-enabled business solutions. 80% of antibiotics used in the United States are _______. A. 5. d. Both membranes consist of two concentric phospholipid bilayers and neither is selectively permeable or has pores. You observe layers of cells that have a definite, rigid, rectangular shape; there appears to be a nucleus in all of the cells and there are many oval-shaped green structures that seem to be moving around inside of the cells in an orderly fashion. All toxic substances are hazardous, but all hazardous substances are not toxic. c) Viruses are difficult to place precisely within the tree of life. People living in ______ areas, especially in ______, are particularly susceptible to death linked to air pollution. IV. c) removal of viral proteins c. phagocytosis. 13-53 Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), a condition resulting in chronic bacterial and fungal infections, is caused by one or more defects in _____, compromising the ability of macrophages to _____. Prokaryotes and eukaryotes are primarily distinguished by the absence or presence of internal membrane-enclosed organelles. . d. palisade mesophyll, Which of the following would be the best analogy for the function of the Golgi apparatus? The mosquito becomes infected when it feeds on the blood of a person infected with the virus. c. secondary immunodeficiency diseases d. immune evasion B.) The POPs of greatest concerns include substances such as chloropyrifos and glyphosate; we are exposed to them primarily by ______ because they are used in the production of ______. b. proteins. A white blood cell (WBC) encounters bacteria in a scrape on the knee of a child who has fallen off of his bicycle. b. 13-80 Reverse transcriptase is a _____ encoded by _____. No color change in the beaker tells us that the starch was too large to cross the membrane from the cell and into the beaker. The membranes of the mitochondria provide a place for enzymes needed for cellular respiration to anchor and function. Collection, integration, and effective use of clinical data for this purpose presents a variety of specific challenges. answer choices They DO respond to a stimulus They need a host's energy because they do not have their own energy Eat fewer calories and exercise more - Reduces obesity-related illnesses Regulators struggle with how to set acceptable pollution levels based on the dose-response curve because ______. In which leaf tissues would you expect to find the highest density of chloroplasts? Cancer True or false: Our bodies often reduce the effects of toxic substances by eliminating them through our breath, sweat, and urine. Viruses are acellular, obligative parasites that contain a protein coat . 13-19 Which of these characteristics is not true of IFN-? What do you expect to happen to the weight of the cell over time and what can you deduce from the color change? The solution level on the left side of the figure would rise while the solution level on the right side of the figure would decrease. 13-33 Patients who lack _____ are very susceptible to infections with intracellular bacteria, including the ubiquitous nontuberculous strains of mycobacteria. A: The small microscopic organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye are called microorganisms.. They a View the full answer Transcribed image text: Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between bacteria and viruses? e. activate : T cells b. The idea that a small amount of radiation may stimulate DNA repair, whereas a large amount of radiation causes cancer, is an example of _____________________. c. CD40 ligand; produce GM-CSF a. d. Women are more likely than men to inherit X-linked immunodeficiencies. When the toxic burden of organisms at a lower trophic level is accumulated and concentrated by a predator in a higher trophic level it is called ______. You place a small drop of the blood on a slide, add a drop of strong saline (salt) solution, and then cover all of it with a coverslip. You buy a bunch of small, round, red radishes at the grocery store; they are on sale because they have been sitting in the produce aisle for a while. a. II. Electrotherapy Unit III PTA Ultrasound Quiz 1. 4. 1. Why are animals still used to test toxicity of substances? d. fall below 500 cells/l c. Most deficiency syndromes are caused by dominant gene defects. a. transcriptional regulators of HLA class II loci How would the affect the HIV infection cycle? b. Mortality rates are reduced by the administration of antibiotics to affected individuals.
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which of the following statements accurately describes viruses?